Leiden
Netherlands · Europe · 124,093 people · Europe/Amsterdam · EUR
Leiden scores 72/100 for digital nomads under balanced weights, ranking 52 of 1000 cities. Expect about $2,750 per month (country-level estimate), no dedicated nomad visa, and a measured median download speed of 90.8 Mbps.
Leiden is a canal town built around the Netherlands' oldest university and a large biotech research park, with Schiphol about 15 min by train, The Hague 10 min and Amsterdam 35 min. It is walkable, bikeable and relaxed, with an English-speaking academic crowd; student demand makes rooms and flats hard to find, and it is small.
- Leiden University (1575)
- Canals and Rembrandt's birthplace
- Bio Science Park
- Schiphol 15 min by train
Eating out
OpenStreetMap, 2026-1016179restaurants within 3 km
Mapped around the centre of Leiden: a modest scene, worth checking the neighbourhoods. A count of what is on the map, not a rating, and it does not affect the score.
How Leiden scores, factor by factor
Superscripts link to the source list at the bottom. Country-level figures apply to all of Netherlands.
Cost of living
Monthly cost for one person (log-scaled, cheaper is better).21
Safety
Homicide rate and political stability (country-level).81
Healthcare
WHO universal-health-coverage index and life expectancy (country-level).86
Internet
Median measured download and upload speed (M-Lab, city-level; the province or country aggregate where the city has too few tests).87
Visa ease
How easily your passport gets in and stays: visa-free days, eTA, visa on arrival, e-visa or consular visa, plus a nomad visa and how affordable its income threshold is. Averages US, EU and UK passports until you pick yours.61
Getting there & around
Non-stop airport destinations (hub size) plus editorial walkability and transit ratings.91
Climate
Share of months that are comfortable: 59–82°F (15–28 °C) mean, at most 5.9 in (150 mm) rain, at most 85% humidity.33
- Comfortable months: 4 of 1214 · city-level, 2001–2020 normals
Air quality
Annual mean PM2.5 on a fixed scale: 5 µg/m³ (WHO guideline) scores 100, 50 µg/m³ or worse scores 0.93
- Annual mean PM2.5: 8.3 µg/m³15 · city-level, 2023
Quality of life
Human Development Index and English proficiency (country-level).96
What does Leiden cost per month?
| Total, one person | $2,750 | country estimate |
|---|---|---|
| One-bedroom rent, centre | no data | city-level rent unavailable |
| Country cost index (US = 100) | 75 | country |
Can you stay legally?
| Nomad visa | none listed | |
|---|---|---|
| Minimum income | — | |
| US passport | 90 days | |
| EU passport | unlimited | |
| UK passport | 90 days | |
Visa rules change often. Verify with the issuing government before you book.
Airports and nonstop flights
Leiden is served by one airport.
| Airport | Nonstop destinations | International | From US airports |
|---|---|---|---|
| AMSAmsterdam Airport Schiphol | 289 | 288 | 22 |
Wikipedia airport pages as of 2026-09: seasonal routes included, charters and announced-but-not-started routes excluded.
What is the weather like through the year?
Comfortable months by our rule: Jun–Sep. Rank cities for Jun–Aug →
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mean °F | 39 | 39 | 42 | 49 | 55 | 61 | 65 | 65 | 60 | 54 | 47 | 41 |
| Rain in | 3 | 2.6 | 2.2 | 1.5 | 2.2 | 2.4 | 3.1 | 3.4 | 2.8 | 3.1 | 3.2 | 3.3 |
| Humidity % | 91 | 89 | 86 | 82 | 80 | 79 | 78 | 78 | 80 | 85 | 89 | 91 |
Green temperatures mark months that meet the comfort rule (59–82°F, ≤5.9 in rain, ≤85% humidity). NASA POWER 2001–2020 climatology at the city coordinates.
Where can you stay in Leiden?
Three ways to live here, and what each does to the monthly budget. Rents are the one-bedroom figures from the cost table; hotels and short lets are priced per night and cost more, most of all in high season.
| Option | Rent per month | Monthly total | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| One-bedroom outside the centre | — | — | No city-level cost here; the total is a national estimate. |
| One-bedroom in the centre | — | — | No city-level rent figure for this city. |
| Hotel or short let | — | — | For the first weeks or a stay under a month. Compare hotels on Navoy → |
Monthly rents assume an unfurnished lease of six months or more; furnished monthly lets usually cost 20 to 50 percent more.
Cities with a similar profile
- Haarlem Netherlands · 71.9
- The Hague Netherlands · 72.4
- Utrecht Netherlands · 71.9
- Groningen Netherlands · 70.9
- Copenhagen Denmark · 70.6
Also in Europe: A Coruña, Aalborg, Aarhus, Aberdeen, Aix-en-Provence, Akureyri
Frequently asked
- How much does it cost to live in Leiden as a digital nomad?
- A single person typically spends about $2,750 per month in Leiden (a country-level estimate for Netherlands). That is a 21/100 cost score, where 100 is the cheapest city in the dataset.
- Is Leiden safe for digital nomads?
- Leiden scores 81/100 on safety. Netherlands records 0.66 homicides per 100,000 people per year (WHO, 2024) and a political-stability score of 75/100 (World Bank WGI). Both figures are national, so neighbourhood-level risk can differ.
- Does Netherlands have a digital nomad visa?
- No dedicated digital nomad visa was listed for Netherlands as of 2026-07. Visitors from the US can stay 90 days visa-free.
- How fast is the internet in Leiden?
- Measured median download speed in Leiden was 90.8 Mbps (upload 39.1 Mbps) across 6,206 M-Lab tests in 2024. Measured speeds run below advertised plan speeds everywhere, so compare cities rather than reading the number as a plan.
- Is Starlink available in Leiden?
- Yes. Starlink's availability map lists residential service as available in Netherlands (checked 2026-10), so a dish can serve as a backup line in Leiden. Check the exact address on starlink.com before ordering, since capacity varies by area.
- Which airports serve Leiden and how many nonstop flights are there?
- Leiden is served by Amsterdam Airport Schiphol (AMS) with 289 nonstop destinations, of which 288 are international. 22 US airports have a nonstop link. Source: Wikipedia, 2026-09.
- When is the best time of year to be in Leiden?
- The most comfortable months are Jun, Jul, Aug, Sep. Mean temperatures range from 39°F (4°C) in Jan to 65°F (18°C) in Aug (NASA POWER 2001–2020 climatology).
- Leiden or Haarlem: which is better for digital nomads?
- Haarlem is the city with the closest factor profile to Leiden in this dataset. Which one wins depends on your weights; the comparison page puts every factor side by side with the numbers behind them.
Sources
Dataset 2026.10.7, published 2026-10-13. Download the full dataset or read the methodology.
- 1.City population (latest census or official estimate), Wikipedia (citing national statistics offices). CC BY-SA 4.0. Retrieved 2026-09-22. City-proper figures; the per-city source URL is stored with the seed row.
- 2.2026 Cost of Living Index (country level), WhereNext. CC BY 4.0. Retrieved 2026-09-22. Country-level monthly estimate used only where no city-level figure exists; cost_index kept for every city.
- 3.Cost of Living Global 2026 (city rows), WhereToEmigrate. CC BY 4.0. Retrieved 2026-09-22. monthly_cost_single_eur and rent_1br_center_eur, converted to USD at the ECB reference rate on the retrieval date (see ecb-frankfurter).
- 4.Victims of intentional homicide per 100,000 population (national data, latest year), United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime, dataUNODC. UNODC data, free to reuse with attribution. Retrieved 2026-10-12. Police- or statistics-office-recorded rates reported to UNODC's crime-trends survey, latest year per country (2024 for most), both sexes, all ages; the United Kingdom uses England and Wales. Replaces the WHO modelled estimate wherever UNODC has a figure from 2018 or later; WHO's 2021 estimates ran several times above recorded figures for El Salvador and Honduras. Workbook data_cts_intentional_homicide.xlsx (July 2026) reduced by scripts/build-dataset/inputs/convert-unodc-homicide.py.
- 5.Worldwide Governance Indicators — Political Stability and Absence of Violence (score 0–100), World Bank. CC BY 4.0. Retrieved 2026-09-22.
- 6.UHC service coverage index, World Health Organization, Global Health Observatory. CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO (WHO data policy). Retrieved 2026-09-22.
- 7.Life expectancy at birth (years), both sexes, World Health Organization, Global Health Observatory. CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO (WHO data policy). Retrieved 2026-09-22.
- 8.M-Lab NDT statistics (city aggregates, 2024), Measurement Lab. CC0 1.0. Retrieved 2026-09-22. Median of daily median download/upload throughput over 2024 for the city aggregate; sample count is the number of tests. Speeds reflect user-initiated tests, not advertised plans.
- 9.Starlink availability map, SpaceX (Starlink). Factual status cited from starlink.com. Retrieved 2026-10-07. Residential service status per country from the file Starlink's map loads. Grouped as on the map: launched or available = available; coming soon, pending regulatory approval or test = coming soon; blacklisted = not offered; unknown or excluded = unknown. Shown on city pages and as a ranker filter; not part of any score. Roaming and maritime plans can work in more places.
- 10.Digital Nomad Visas 2026, WhereToEmigrate. CC BY 4.0. Retrieved 2026-09-22. Programme name, minimum monthly income (EUR, converted to USD) and whether it leads to permanent residence. Values are directional; verify with the issuing government.
- 11.Passport Index dataset (visa requirements, 199 passports × 199 destinations), Ilya Ilyankou (compiled from passportindex.org). MIT. Retrieved 2026-09-22. Days per visit where stated; 'visa free' without a limit is credited as unlimited; eTA, visa on arrival, e-visa and visa required are credited 0 days for scoring but shown by kind. The default US/EU/UK figures use the US, German and British passports.
- 12.Airport destinations (Wikipedia airline and destination tables), Wikipedia contributors; countries via Wikidata. CC BY-SA 4.0. Retrieved 2026-09-24. Distinct destination airports listed in each airport article's passenger table, resolved through Wikidata. Seasonal routes count; charters and routes announced but not yet flying are excluded. The as-of date is the newest article revision among the city's airports. Falls back to the OpenFlights snapshot when an airport has no article or table.
- 13.Walkability and transit ratings (editorial), Navoy. CC BY 4.0. Retrieved 2026-09-22. Judgment ratings, not measurements. Explained on /methodology.
- 14.NASA POWER climatology (2001–2020 monthly means), NASA Langley Research Center. Public domain (US Government). Retrieved 2026-09-22. T2M, PRECTOTCORR and RH2M at the city coordinates (0.5° grid). Monthly precipitation = mm/day × days in month.
- 15.SatPM2.5 satellite-derived annual PM2.5 (V6.GL.02.04), Atmospheric Composition Analysis Group, Washington University in St. Louis. CC BY 4.0. Retrieved 2026-10-07. Annual 2023 PM2.5 for the 0.1° grid cell at the city centre, from satellite aerosol retrievals combined with a chemical transport model and ground monitors. Used only for cities with no WHO database row. Where the same country has WHO-measured cities, values are scaled by the median measured/satellite ratio there (corrects desert-dust overestimates in the Gulf). Across 247 cities with both, log-correlation with WHO values is 0.88 and the median difference 2 µg/m³.
- 16.OpenStreetMap restaurants (Overpass API), OpenStreetMap contributors. ODbL 1.0. Retrieved 2026-10-02. Count of OpenStreetMap elements tagged amenity=restaurant within 3 km of the city centre coordinate. Measures how many restaurants are mapped, which tracks real density well where OpenStreetMap is well maintained (Europe, the Americas, East and Southeast Asia) and under-counts where it is not (parts of Africa and Central Asia).
- 17.Human Development Index (HDR 2025, HDI 2023), United Nations Development Programme. CC BY 3.0 IGO. Retrieved 2026-09-22.
- 18.EF English Proficiency Index 2024 (band), EF Education First. Proprietary; band cited as a fact with attribution. Retrieved 2026-09-22. Only the proficiency band is stored, transcribed by hand from the public ranking.